Once school let out for the summer I've thought in depth about modern political theory. Here are a few ideas I've contemplated over the past few days.
Here is my idea (while it probably has been thought of before) of the progression of the modern world in the creation of the State and economy.:
Reason-->Individual -->Veil of Ignorance--> Civil Society--> Original Position Theory--> Corporations--> government-->
(Discourse theory holds the Original Position, corporations, and government together)
This progression represents how our current society holds itself together based off these principles all in conjunction with one another.
1. Reason is overarching and overwhelming power created by the human mind to dictate human understanding of the natural world. It allowed humans to move from primitive hunter gathers to form civil society i.e civilization. Through this progression, rationality has evolved as human beings have evolved from small scale societies to large scale societies. Reason helps achieve cause, effect, true, false, and discourse amongst humans. As humans progressed Reason becomes corrupted by the socialization of society through various means like religion and modern science. True Reason can only be substantiated from a human who has not been influenced or communicated with other human beings. Therefore true Reason is out of reach and cannot be achieve thus disconnecting humans from original human Reason created in the Veil of Ignorance. Today's Reason is based on civil societies ideologies of what Reason is and what it dictates. Thus, today's Reason of dictating what is "right" comes from the evolution of society over human history.
Most recently, Reason has gradually moved from primitive religious ideologies to modern science and education. Throughout history Reason has been thought as being one fixed property. Now, Reason must be understood as a changing (non-fixed) property that changes from one society to another. Different educations (from different civil societies) has resulted in different uses of Reason and a changing paradigm of what Reason is. Therefore, modern Reason can only help determine what the consensus of society has dictated "right" through public/elite discourse. Reason drives this discourse in civil society to come up with what is "right". The evolution/development of Reason over the past 200 years has allowed for the concept of "liberalism" to spring forward. Also, the society with the most power and influence has driven Reason to this course. The western ideology of the concept and use of Reason has won out amongst the world and has established itself as the pillar of what is "right" in the modern world.
We must dismiss the old recognition of Reason as a fixed property humans can derive "right" from. While it allows us to use logic and find answer to problems it is not the determinator of what is "right" in the modern world. The development and evolution of Reason through civil society has developed what is "right" therefore affirming the western conception of Reason taking hold throughout the industrialized world as the principle upholding morals, norms, rights, etc.
2. Individuals are judged theoretically based off equality provided by the Veil of Ignorance. Each individual is judged based on their human characteristics. A general sense of human equality is created through the Veil of Ignorance. This equality is based off the fundamental liberty to live your own good life. At this point however, we do not know what "your own good life" means due to the socialization aspect of civil society not being brought into play. However, equality is present at this stage of the progression. Note: General equality is disrupted/destroyed once civil society is created. Differences and societal socioeconomic and political hierarchy are established based on civil societies preconceptions of what is deemed "right" in a particular civil society. To some extent the general ideology of "what is right" is to some extent cultural relativism. But, we cannot discount Reason and its possible affect of affirming a universal "right" amongst humans.
3. Civil society is constructed through the means of the assemblage of humans coming together to solve common problems. Modern civil society is comprised of public discourse but influenced by the norms of civil society produced over the course of its existence.
